IHEP 2004 - 49 (In Russian)
	S.S.Gerstein, A.A.Logunov, M.A.Mestvirishvili, N.P.Tkachenko
	The Universe Evolution in The Field Theory of Gravitation
	Protvino, 2004. – p. 40, figs. 4, table 2, refs.: 48.

The Universe evolution is thoroughly studied in this article where the gravitational field is treated in the framework of field notions as a physical field of spins $2$ and $0$ and its source is the conserving in Minkowski space total energy-momentum tensor of matter and gravitational field. It is shown that the spatial geometry of the Universe should be flat in the framework of this approach and the gravitational field itself has a new surprising property --- the ability to generate effective repulsive forces in strong fields which stop the process of gravitational contraction. Just this property results in removing the cosmological singularity and leads to the cyclical Universe development. By using the Causality Principle which is to be fulfilled by the evolution of the physical gravitational field we demonstrate that the expansion of the Universe cannot be infinite. Therefore the theory is not compatible with the presence of constant cosmological term and with the phantom expansion. The presence of ``quintessence'' which density decreases as scale factor rises (slowly than ${\rm const}/a^2$) is necessary to explain the observable accelerated expansion. Starting from data on anisotropy of the microwave relic radiation we obtain the upper limit for graviton mass, which is 500 times stronger than existent estimations, and also the possible value of graviton mass in the experimental error corridor is given. The moments of time corresponding to the beginning and the end points of the present acceleration stage are determined from this value and also the moment of maximum Universe expansion which later is replaced by contraction till some maximum density value $\rho_{max}$, this is another parameter of the theory along with the graviton mass.

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