Chronology of Milestone Events in Particle Physics - ’T HOOFT 1971B
Chronology of Milestone Events in Particle Physics

  Nobel prize for Gerardus 't Hooft and Martinus J.C. Veltman awarded in 1999 "for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics''

’T HOOFT 1971B

't Hooft, G.;
Renormalizable Lagrangians for Massive Yang-Mills Fields
Nucl. Phys. B35 (1971) 167;

Abstracts
Renormalizable models are constructed in which local gauge invariance is broken spontaneously. Feynman rules and Ward identities can be found by means of a path integral method, and they can be checked by algebra. In one of these models, which is studied in more detail, local SU(2) is broken in such a way that local U(1) remains as a symmetry. A renormalizable and unitary theory results, with photons, charged massive vector particles, and additional neutral scalar particles. It has three independent parameters.
Another model has local SU(2)otimes U(1) as a symmetry and may serve as a renormalizable theory for -mesons and photons.
In such models electromagnetic mass-differences are finite and can be calculated in perturbation theory.

Related references
More (earlier) information appears in
G. 't Hooft, Nucl. Phys. B33 (1971) 173;
See also
S. L. Adler, Phys. Rev. 177 (1969) 2426;
I. S. Gerstein and R. Jackiw, Phys. Rev. 181 (1969) 1955;
S. Weinberg, Phys. Rev. B140 (1965) 516;
S. Weinberg, Phys. Rev. Lett. 19 (1967) 1264;
E. S. Fradkin, U. Esposito, and S. Termini, Rivista del Nuovo Cim. 2 (1970) 498;
B. W. Lee, Nucl. Phys. B9 (1969) 649;
J. L. Gerwais and B. W. Lee, Nucl. Phys. B12 (1969) 627;
M. Veltman, Nucl. Phys. B7 (1968) 637;
M. Veltman, Nucl. Phys. B21 (1970) 288;
D. Boulware, Ann.Phys. 56 (1970) 140;
A. A. Slavnow and L. D. Faddeev, Massless and massive Yang-Mills field, Moscow preprint 1970;
J. S. Bell and R. Jackiw, Nuovo Cim. 60A (1969) 47;
T. W. B. Kibble, Phys. Rev. 155 (1967) 1554;

Record comments
Rigorous proof of renormalizability of massive Yang-Mills quantum fields theory with spontaneously broken gauge invariance.
    
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